In addition, NAG recommends that before calling any Library routine you should read the following reference material (see Section 5):
(a) Essential Introduction
(b) Chapter Introduction
(c) Routine Document
The libraries supplied with this implementation have been compiled in a manner that facilitates the use of multiple threads.
If you intend to use the NAG library within a multithreaded application please refer to the document on Thread Safety in the Library Manual (see Section 5).
c:\Program Files\NAG\FL21If this folder does not exist, please consult the system manager (or the person who did the installation).
We also assume that the default shortcut for the Library command prompt is placed in the Start Menu under:
Start|All Programs|NAG|FL21|
If this shortcut does not exist, please consult the system manager (or the person who did the installation).
The shortcut:
Start|All Programs|NAG|FL21|NAG Fortran Library -
Intel Visual Fortran compiler (FLW6I21DCL). Command Prompt
may be used to start a command prompt window with the correct settings for the INCLUDE, LIB and PATH environment variables for the Library and the supplied MKL.
If the shortcut is not used, you can set the environment variables by running the batch file envvars.bat for this implementation. The default location of this file is:
c:\Program Files\NAG\FL21\flw6i21dcl\batch\envvars.batIf the file is not in the default location, you can locate it by searching for the file envvars.bat containing flw6i21dcl.
You may then compile and link to the NAG Fortran Library on the command line using one of the following commands:
ifort /MT driver.f nag_mkl.lib mkl_em64t.lib libguide.lib mkl_lapack.lib ifort /MT driver.f nag_nag.lib ifort /MD driver.f nag_mkl_md.lib mkl_dll.lib libguide.lib ifort /MD driver.f nag_nag_md.lib ifort /MD driver.f FLW6I21DC_mkl.lib mkl_dll.lib libguide.lib ifort /MD driver.f FLW6I21DC_nag.libwhere driver.f is your application program. The order of the libraries is important because certain parts of the MKL should not be used (see Section 4).
The first two commands use libraries compiled with the /MT option. The first command will use the static library without the NAG version of the BLAS/LAPACK procedures nag_mkl.lib and the MKL static libraries. The second command will use the library with the NAG version of the BLAS/LAPACK procedures nag_nag.lib. The option /MT must be used to ensure linking with the correct run-time libraries (multithreaded static run-time libraries in this case).
The third and fourth commands use static libraries compiled with the /MD option. The third command will use the static library without the NAG version of the BLAS/LAPACK procedures nag_mkl_md.lib and the MKL DLL. The fourth command will use the library with the NAG version of the BLAS/LAPACK procedures nag_nag_md.lib. The option /MD must be used to ensure linking with the correct run-time libraries (multithreaded dynamic-link run-time libraries in this case).
The last two commands use the DLL. The fifth command will use the DLL without the NAG version of the BLAS/LAPACK procedures FLW6I21DC_mkl.lib and the MKL DLL. The last command will use the DLL with the NAG version of the BLAS/LAPACK procedures FLW6I21DC_nag.lib. The option /MD must be used to ensure linking with the correct run-time libraries.
In the case where more than one library is used, you could simplify the command line by using the librarian to combine the libraries into a single library. For example you could use:
lib /out:my_lib.lib nag_mkl.lib mkl_em64t.lib libguide.lib mkl_lapack.libAs mentioned before the order of the libraries is important because certain parts of the MKL should not be used (see Section 4), you can then replace the first command with:
ifort /MT driver.f my_lib.libPlease note that the Intel Visual Fortran compiler environment variables must be set in the command window. For more details refer to the User's Guide of the compiler.
Once Visual Studio has been opened, it is possible to set up the directories for use with Intel Fortran in this and all subsequent projects which use this compiler. One way to do so is:
The interface block is simply accessed by inserting a USE statement as described in greater detail in Section 3.5.
Whilst the above changes will apply to every Intel Fortran project, the following tasks need to be performed for each individual Intel Fortran project.
You need first to ensure that you are using the 64-bit compiler. This can be done by selecting x64 in the Target Platform. You can do this from the Toolbar via Options|Intel(R)Fortran. You also need to set the Active Solution Platform to x64. You can do this from the Toolbar or alternatively via the Build|Configuration Manager menus.
The Library is designed to be run in fully optimised mode, so to avoid any warning messages, you might decide to set the active configuration to Release. You can do this from the Toolbar or alternatively via the Build|Configuration Manager menus. If you work in Debug mode, you may receive a warning message about conflicting C runtime libraries. This is usually harmless.
There are a number of ways to add the NAG Library to the project. We describe just two; choose the one that most suits you.
If the Solution Explorer window is open then make sure that group project (the first line) is NOT selected. From the Project menu, choose the project Properties item. (Alternatively right click on a specific single project in the Solution Explorer and choose Properties.)
From the form, click Linker in the leftmost panel and then choose Input. The right hand panel will now have an Additional Dependencies entry, and you need to type nag_mkl.lib libguide.lib mkl_c.lib in this location to use the nag_mkl.lib library and MKL. Please note that the three libraries are separated by a space only and that nag_mkl.lib must be the first one. Press the OK button. If you wish to use the self-contained NAG Library then you need to add nag_nag.lib instead.
The Properties information may also be accessed via the Toolbar. With the project selected in Solution Explorer, choose the Properties Window button on the Toolbar. In the ensuing window choose then the rightmost Property Pages icon. As in the paragraph above, from the form click Linker in the leftmost panel and then choose Input. The right hand panel will now have an Additional Dependencies entry, and you need to type the names of the relevant libraries in this location. Press the OK button.
Before you can compile the project you need to specify the correct runtime library needed. From the Properties Window, click Fortran in the leftmost panel and then choose Libraries. The right hand panel will now have a Runtime Library entry, and you need to select Multithreaded if your project uses one of the two libraries nag_nag.lib or nag_mkl.lib. If your projects uses any of the other NAG libraries you need to select Multithreaded DLL. After you select the correct runtime library press the OK button.
Please note that if you select Multithreaded DLL you need to ensure that the required DLLs are accessible at runtime. The PATH environment variable must be set such that the location of the NAG Fortran DLLs, specifically the folder install dir\bin, is on the path. If the MKL version of the DLL is required, the location of the MKL DLLs, install dir\mkl_em64t_9.1\bin must also be on the path, but should appear after the install dir\bin folder.
In summary the setting of the project Additional Dependencies, the project Runtime Library and the PATH environment variable must be consistent as follows:
The project should now compile and link using the appropriate choice from the Build menu.
To run a program that does not require input or output redirected from standard input or standard output, from within the Microsoft Development Environment, the program may be executed via the Debug menu (by selecting Start Without Debugging, for example).
If a data file needs to be attached to the standard input or the output of a program needs to be redirected to the standard output, we recommend that you run the executable from a command prompt window to avoid the limitations of the current version of Visual Studio 2005.
The batch files need the environment variable NAG_FLW6I21DCL.
As mentioned in Section 3.1.1, the installation procedure provides a shortcut which starts a Command Prompt with local environment variables. The environment variables include NAG_FLW6I21DCL. This shortcut is placed in the Start Menu under
Start|All Programs|NAG|FL21|NAG Fortran Library -
Intel Visual Fortran compiler (FLW6I21DCL). Command Prompt
If the shortcut is not used, you need to set this environment variable.
You can set this environment variable by running the batch file
envvars.bat for this implementation. The default location
of this file is:
c:\Program Files\NAG\FL21\flw6i21dcl\batch\envvars.batIf the file is not in the default location, you can locate it by searching for the file envvars.bat containing flw6i21dcl.
nag_example_mkl.bat will provide you with a copy of an example program (and its data, if any), compile the program and link it with the library nag_mkl.lib and the MKL. Finally, the executable program will be run. The example program concerned is specified by the argument to nag_example_mkl.bat, e.g.
nag_example_mkl e04ucfwill copy the example program and its data into the files e04ucfe.f and e04ucfe.d in the current folder, compile and link e04ucfe.f to create the executable (this is same as using ifort /MT e04ucfe.f nag_mkl.lib mkl_em64t.lib libguide.lib mkl_lapack.lib in Section 3.1.1) and run the executable to produce the example program results in the file e04ucfe.r.
Alternatively you could use:
nag_example e04ucf (links with nag_nag.lib) nag_example_mkl_md e04ucf (links with nag_mkl_md.lib and MKL) nag_example_md e04ucf (links with nag_nag_md.lib) nag_example_mkl_dll e04ucf (links with FLW6I21DC_mkl.lib and MKL) nag_example_dll e04ucf (links with FLW6I21DC_nag.lib)
The main difference between nag_example_mkl.bat and the other batch files is in the way the executable is created. While nag_example_mkl.bat uses the static library nag_mkl.lib and the MKL libraries to create the executable:
The example programs are supplied in machine-readable form. They are suitable for immediate usage. Note that the distributed example programs are those used in this implementation and may not correspond exactly with the programs published in the Library Manual. The distributed example programs should be used in preference wherever possible.
The distributed example results are those obtained with the library nag_nag.lib, (using the NAG BLAS and LAPACK routines). Running the examples with MKL BLAS or LAPACK may give slightly different results.
real or double precision - DOUBLE PRECISION (REAL*8)
basic precision - double precision
complex or complex*16 - COMPLEX*16
additional precision - quadruple precision (REAL*16,COMPLEX*32)
machine precision - the machine precision, see the value
returned by X02AJF in Section 4
Thus a parameter described as
real or double precision
should be declared as DOUBLE PRECISION in your program. If a
routine accumulates an inner product in additional precision,
it is using software to simulate quadruple precision.
All references to routines in Chapter F07 - Linear Equations (LAPACK) and Chapter F08 - Least-squares and Eigenvalue Problems (LAPACK) use the LAPACK name, not the NAG F07/F08 name.
(a) Subroutines are called as such
(b) Functions are declared with the right type
(c) The correct number of arguments are passed
(d) All arguments match in type and structure
These interface blocks have been generated automatically by analysing the source code for the NAG Fortran Library. As a consequence, and because these files have been thoroughly tested, their use is recommended in preference to writing your own declarations.
The NAG Fortran Library Interface Block files are organised by Library chapter. The module names are:
nag_f77_a_chapter nag_f77_c_chapter nag_f77_d_chapter nag_f77_e_chapter nag_f77_f_chapter nag_f77_g_chapter nag_f77_h_chapter nag_f77_m_chapter nag_f77_p_chapter nag_f77_s_chapter nag_f77_x_chapterThese are supplied in pre-compiled form (.mod files).
If you use the Library command prompt shortcut or set the environment variables by running the batch file envvars.bat for this implementation (see Section 3.1.1), you can use any of the commands described in Section 3.1.1 to access these modules since the environment variable INCLUDE will be set.
In order to make use of these modules from existing Fortran 77 code, the following changes need to be made:
The above steps need to be done for each unit (main program, function or subroutine) in your code.
These changes are illustrated by showing the conversion of the Fortran 77 version of the example program for NAG Fortran Library routine D01DAF. Please note that this is not exactly the same as the example program that is distributed with this implementation. Each change is surrounded by comments boxed with asterisks.
* D01DAF Example Program Text
*****************************************************
* Add USE statements for relevant chapters *
USE NAG_F77_D_CHAPTER
* *
*****************************************************
* .. Parameters ..
INTEGER NOUT
PARAMETER (NOUT=6)
* .. Local Scalars ..
DOUBLE PRECISION ABSACC, ANS, YA, YB
INTEGER IFAIL, NPTS
* .. External Functions ..
DOUBLE PRECISION FA, FB, P1, P2A, P2B
EXTERNAL FA, FB, P1, P2A, P2B
* .. External Subroutines ..
******************************************************
* EXTERNAL declarations need to be removed. *
C EXTERNAL D01DAF
* *
******************************************************
* .. Executable Statements ..
WRITE (NOUT,*) 'D01DAF Example Program Results'
YA = 0.0D0
YB = 1.0D0
ABSACC = 1.0D-6
WRITE (NOUT,*)
WRITE (NOUT,*) 'First formulation'
IFAIL = 1
*
CALL D01DAF(YA,YB,P1,P2A,FA,ABSACC,ANS,NPTS,IFAIL)
*
WRITE (NOUT,99999) 'Integral =', ANS
WRITE (NOUT,99998) 'Number of function evaluations =', NPTS
IF (IFAIL.GT.0) WRITE (NOUT,99997) 'IFAIL = ', IFAIL
WRITE (NOUT,*)
WRITE (NOUT,*) 'Second formulation'
IFAIL = 1
*
CALL D01DAF(YA,YB,P1,P2B,FB,ABSACC,ANS,NPTS,IFAIL)
*
WRITE (NOUT,99999) 'Integral =', ANS
WRITE (NOUT,99998) 'Number of function evaluations =', NPTS
IF (IFAIL.GT.0) WRITE (NOUT,99997) 'IFAIL = ', IFAIL
STOP
*
99999 FORMAT (1X,A,F9.4)
99998 FORMAT (1X,A,I5)
99997 FORMAT (1X,A,I2)
END
*
DOUBLE PRECISION FUNCTION P1(Y)
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
DOUBLE PRECISION Y
* .. Executable Statements ..
P1 = 0.0D0
RETURN
END
*
DOUBLE PRECISION FUNCTION P2A(Y)
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
DOUBLE PRECISION Y
* .. Intrinsic Functions ..
INTRINSIC SQRT
* .. Executable Statements ..
P2A = SQRT(1.0D0-Y*Y)
RETURN
END
*
DOUBLE PRECISION FUNCTION FA(X,Y)
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
DOUBLE PRECISION X, Y
* .. Executable Statements ..
FA = X + Y
RETURN
END
*
DOUBLE PRECISION FUNCTION P2B(Y)
*****************************************************
* Add USE statements for relevant chapters *
USE NAG_F77_X_CHAPTER
* *
*****************************************************
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
DOUBLE PRECISION Y
* .. External Functions ..
******************************************************
* Function Type declarations need to be removed. *
C DOUBLE PRECISION X01AAF
* *
******************************************************
******************************************************
* EXTERNAL declarations need to be removed. *
C EXTERNAL X01AAF
* *
******************************************************
* .. Executable Statements ..
P2B = 0.5D0*X01AAF(0.0D0)
RETURN
END
*
DOUBLE PRECISION FUNCTION FB(X,Y)
* .. Scalar Arguments ..
DOUBLE PRECISION X, Y
* .. Intrinsic Functions ..
INTRINSIC COS, SIN
* .. Executable Statements ..
FB = Y*Y*(COS(X)+SIN(X))
RETURN
END
In this implementation calls to the NAG version of the following Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (BLAS) and linear algebra routines (LAPACK) are included in the libraries nag_mkl.lib, nag_mkl_md.lib and FLW6I21DC_mkl.lib to avoid problems with the vendor version:
DBDSQR ZBDSQR DGEBAL ZGEBAL DGEEVX ZGEEVX
S07AAF F(1) = 1.0D+13
F(2) = 1.0D-14
S10AAF E(1) = 1.8500D+1
S10ABF E(1) = 7.080D+2
S10ACF E(1) = 7.080D+2
S13AAF x(hi) = 7.083D+2
S13ACF x(hi) = 1.0D+16
S13ADF x(hi) = 1.0D+17
S14AAF IFAIL = 1 if X > 1.70D+2
IFAIL = 2 if X < -1.70D+2
IFAIL = 3 if abs(X) < 2.23D-308
S14ABF IFAIL = 2 if X > 2.55D+305
S15ADF x(hi) = 2.66D+1
x(low) = -6.25D+0
S15AEF x(hi) = 6.25D+0
S17ACF IFAIL = 1 if X > 1.0D+16
S17ADF IFAIL = 1 if X > 1.0D+16
IFAIL = 3 if 0.0D+00 < X <= 2.23D-308
S17AEF IFAIL = 1 if abs(X) > 1.0D+16
S17AFF IFAIL = 1 if abs(X) > 1.0D+16
S17AGF IFAIL = 1 if X > 1.038D+2
IFAIL = 2 if X < -5.6D+10
S17AHF IFAIL = 1 if X > 1.041D+2
IFAIL = 2 if X < -5.6D+10
S17AJF IFAIL = 1 if X > 1.041D+2
IFAIL = 2 if X < -1.8D+9
S17AKF IFAIL = 1 if X > 1.041D+2
IFAIL = 2 if X < -1.8D+9
S17DCF IFAIL = 2 if abs (Z) < 3.93D-305
IFAIL = 4 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 3.27D+4
IFAIL = 5 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 1.07D+9
S17DEF IFAIL = 2 if imag (Z) > 7.00D+2
IFAIL = 3 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 3.27D+4
IFAIL = 4 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 1.07D+9
S17DGF IFAIL = 3 if abs (Z) > 1.02D+3
IFAIL = 4 if abs (Z) > 1.04D+6
S17DHF IFAIL = 3 if abs (Z) > 1.02D+3
IFAIL = 4 if abs (Z) > 1.04D+6
S17DLF IFAIL = 2 if abs (Z) < 3.93D-305
IFAIL = 4 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 3.27D+4
IFAIL = 5 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 1.07D+9
S18ADF IFAIL = 2 if 0.0D+00 < X <= 2.23D-308
S18AEF IFAIL = 1 if abs(X) > 7.116D+2
S18AFF IFAIL = 1 if abs(X) > 7.116D+2
S18CDF IFAIL = 2 if 0.0D+00 < X <= 2.23D-308
S18DCF IFAIL = 2 if abs (Z) < 3.93D-305
IFAIL = 4 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 3.27D+4
IFAIL = 5 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 1.07D+9
S18DEF IFAIL = 2 if real (Z) > 7.00D+2
IFAIL = 3 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 3.27D+4
IFAIL = 4 if abs (Z) or FNU+N-1 > 1.07D+9
S19AAF IFAIL = 1 if abs(x) >= 4.95000D+1
S19ABF IFAIL = 1 if abs(x) >= 4.95000D+1
S19ACF IFAIL = 1 if X > 9.9726D+2
S19ADF IFAIL = 1 if X > 9.9726D+2
S21BCF IFAIL = 3 if an argument < 1.579D-205
IFAIL = 4 if an argument >= 3.774D+202
S21BDF IFAIL = 3 if an argument < 2.820D-103
IFAIL = 4 if an argument >= 1.404D+102
X01AAF (PI) = 3.1415926535897932D+00 X01ABF (GAMMA) = 0.5772156649015329D+00
The basic parameters of the model
X02BHF = 2 X02BJF = 53 X02BKF = -1021 X02BLF = 1024 X02DJF = .TRUE.
Derived parameters of the floating-point arithmetic
X02AJF = 1.11022302462516D-16 X02AKF = 2.22507385850721D-308 X02ALF = 1.79769313486231D+308 X02AMF = 2.22507385850721D-308 X02ANF = 2.22507385850721D-308
Parameters of other aspects of the computing environment
X02AHF = 1.42724769270596D+45 X02BBF = 2147483647 X02BEF = 15 X02DAF = .FALSE.
The Library Manual is supplied in the form of Portable Document Format (PDF) files, with an HTML index, in the manual folder (either installed locally or on the distribution CD). The introductory material is also provided as HTML files in the manual folder.
A main index file has been provided (manual\html\mark21.html) which contains a fully linked contents document pointing to all the available PDF (and where available HTML) files. This index file is available from the Start Menu under
Start|All Programs|NAG|FL21|NAG Fortran Library Manualby default. Use your HTML browser to navigate from here.
In addition the following are provided:
Start|All Programs|NAG|FL21|NAG Fortran Library -
Intel Visual Fortran compiler (FLW6I21DCL). Users' Note
by default.
The NAG Response Centres are available for general enquiries from all users and also for technical queries from sites with an annually licensed product or support service.
The Response Centres are open during office hours, but contact is possible by fax, email and phone (answering machine) at all times.
When contacting a Response Centre, it helps us deal with your enquiry quickly if you can quote your NAG site reference and NAG product code (in this case FLW6I21DCL).
The NAG websites provide information about implementation availability, descriptions of products, downloadable software, product documentation and technical reports. The NAG websites can be accessed at the following URLs:
http://www.nag.co.uk/, http://www.nag.com/ or http://www.nag-j.co.jp/
NAG Ltd Wilkinson House Jordan Hill Road OXFORD OX2 8DR NAG Ltd Response Centre United Kingdom email: support@nag.co.uk Tel: +44 (0)1865 511245 Tel: +44 (0)1865 311744 Fax: +44 (0)1865 310139 Fax: +44 (0)1865 310139 NAG Inc 1431 Opus Place, Suite 220 Downers Grove IL 60515-1362 NAG Inc Response Center USA email: support@nag.com Tel: +1 630 971 2337 Tel: +1 630 971 2337 Fax: +1 630 971 2706 Fax: +1 630 971 2706 Nihon NAG KK Hatchobori Frontier Building 2F 4-9-9 Hatchobori Chuo-ku Tokyo 104-0032 Japan email: help@nag-j.co.jp Tel: +81 (0)3 5542 6311 Fax: +81 (0)3 5542 6312